Low Carb Diet and Hair Loss

Low carbohydrate diets, such as the ketogenic diet, have gained popularity for their weight loss benefits. However, some individuals following these diets report experiencing hair loss. This article explores the connection between low carb diets and hair loss, the underlying causes, and how to prevent it.

The Connection Between Low Carb Diets and Hair Loss

Hair loss on a low carb diet is not uncommon. This phenomenon is often linked to nutrient deficiencies or a drastic reduction in calorie intake. When the body undergoes significant dietary changes, it may prioritize essential functions over hair growth, leading to hair shedding ¹.

The ketogenic diet, for instance, alters the body’s metabolism. Normally, our cells use glucose from carbohydrates and protein for energy. However, on a ketogenic diet, carbohydrate intake is significantly reduced, forcing the body to burn ketones (chemicals made in your liver from fat) for energy. This state is known as ketosis ².

The restrictive nature of such diets can trigger hair shedding. It’s important to note that hair loss associated with low carb diets is usually temporary and often resolves once the body adjusts to the new diet or when nutrient intake is balanced ³.

Causes of Hair Loss on a Low Carb Diet

There are several reasons why hair loss may occur on a low carb diet:

1. Calorie Restriction

Low carb diets often lead to a reduction in overall calorie intake. This is primarily because fats and proteins, which constitute a significant portion of these diets, are more satiating than carbohydrates. This increased feeling of fullness can naturally lead to reduced food consumption. However, a drastic decrease in calorie intake can cause the body to enter a state of stress. This stress response can lead to hormonal changes, such as an increase in the production of cortisol, the body’s primary stress hormone. Elevated cortisol levels can disrupt various bodily functions, including hair growth. Additionally, calorie restriction can lead to a decrease in thyroid hormone levels. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating the body’s metabolism, and a decrease in these hormones can slow down hair growth and lead to hair loss ⁴.

2. Rapid Weight Loss

Rapid weight loss is a common occurrence in the early stages of a low carb diet due to the drastic reduction in carbohydrate intake and water loss. This sudden weight loss can signal to the body that there may be a scarcity of food, triggering a survival response. In this survival mode, the body prioritizes essential functions such as maintaining heart rate, brain function, and body temperature over non-essential functions like hair growth. This shift in resource allocation can lead to a condition known as telogen effluvium ¹, a form of temporary hair loss caused by a significant number of hair follicles entering the resting phase prematurely.

3. Protein Deficiency

While a low carb diet is typically high in protein, some individuals may unintentionally limit their protein intake in an attempt to maintain a state of ketosis. Ketosis is a metabolic state where the body uses fat as its primary energy source instead of glucose. However, protein is a crucial nutrient for hair growth as hair follicles are primarily made up of a protein called keratin. A deficiency in protein can, therefore, lead to hair loss ⁵. It’s important to ensure adequate protein intake while following a low carb diet to support not only hair health but overall body function.

4. Nutrient Deficiencies

A low carb diet often involves restricting certain food groups, particularly grains and fruits, which can limit the intake of various vitamins and minerals essential for hair health. For instance, biotin, a B-vitamin found in whole grains, is crucial for hair health, and a deficiency can lead to hair thinning. Similarly, fruits are rich in antioxidants and vitamins, such as vitamin C, which play a crucial role in collagen production, a protein that strengthens hair. Iron, a mineral found in high amounts in legumes and lentils, is also essential for hair growth, and a deficiency can cause hair loss. Therefore, it’s crucial to ensure a balanced diet that provides all the necessary nutrients for optimal hair health ⁶.

How to Prevent Hair Loss on a Low Carb Diet

Preventing hair loss while following a low carb diet involves a combination of dietary modifications, addressing nutrient deficiencies, and adopting healthy hair care practices. Here are some strategies:

Diversify Your Diet

One of the most effective ways to prevent hair loss on a low carb diet is to ensure your diet is diverse and balanced. Incorporating a variety of whole foods in your diet ensures you’re getting a wide range of nutrients necessary for hair health ^6,7. This includes healthy fats like avocados and olive oil, lean proteins like chicken, turkey, and fish, and plant-based proteins like lentils and chickpeas for those following a vegan or vegetarian low carb diet. Also, include low carb vegetables and fruits that are rich in vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. These nutrients are essential for maintaining healthy hair and promoting hair growth.

Consider a Modified Low Carb Diet

If you’re concerned about limiting protein, consider a modified version of the low carb diet that includes moderate protein levels. This ensures you’re getting enough protein for hair growth without compromising the state of ketosis ⁸. Some people also use cyclical ketogenic diets or targeted ketogenic diets, which involve periods of higher carbohydrate intake or targeting carbohydrate intake around intensive workouts. These modifications can help prevent hair loss by providing your body with a more balanced nutrient profile.

Address Nutrient Deficiencies

If you notice hair loss while on a low carb diet, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider about potential nutrient deficiencies. They can conduct necessary tests and guide you on the right supplements to take if necessary ⁹. However, it’s crucial not to self-supplement without professional advice as it can lead to other health issues. For instance, excessive intake of certain vitamins, like vitamin A, can actually contribute to hair loss.

Gradual Dietary Changes

Instead of making a drastic change to a low carb diet, consider reducing your carbohydrate intake slowly. This gradual transition can help your body adjust to the new diet and may prevent hair shedding ⁷. It also allows your body to maintain its nutrient balance, reducing the risk of deficiencies that can lead to hair loss.

Hair Care Practices

Your hair care routine can also impact your hair health. Avoid harsh chemical treatments and hairstyles that pull on the hair, as these can cause breakage and stress the hair follicles. Regular scalp massages with natural oils like coconut oil or jojoba oil can also help improve hair health ¹⁰. These oils can nourish the scalp, improve blood circulation, and promote hair growth ¹¹. Additionally, ensure you’re using a gentle, sulfate-free shampoo and conditioner to avoid stripping your hair of its natural oils ¹².

Remember, while these strategies can help prevent hair loss, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider or a registered dietitian before making significant changes to your diet or supplement routine. They can provide personalized advice based on your individual needs and health status.

Conclusion

While low carb diets can cause temporary hair loss, it’s usually due to nutrient deficiencies or drastic changes in diet. It’s crucial to maintain a balanced diet and consult with a healthcare provider if you notice hair loss. Remember, every individual’s response to a diet can vary, and what works for one person may not work for another. Always prioritize your health and well-being over rapid weight loss.

Footnotes

1. https://wimpoleclinic.com/blog/low-carb-diets-bad-hair/
2. https://www.everydayhealth.com/ketogenic-diet/keto-diet-hair-loss-how-to-stop/
3. https://www.healthline.com/health/hair-loss-ketosis
4. https://www.zrtlab.com/blog/archive/hormones-and-hair-loss/
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6434747/
6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5315033/
7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9710406/
8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6380979/
9. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/weight-loss-and-hair-loss
10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5551307/
11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8719955/
12. https://www.cdc.gov/hygiene/personal-hygiene/hair-scalp.html